Start with dry maintenance
Take the rug to a suitable area and shake it gently to release loose dust. For a larger rug, support its weight rather than pulling from one corner.
Vacuum only with a suitable upholstery attachment and controlled suction. Avoid a rotating beater bar that can catch long wool.
Identify the stain and check the label
A small water-based mark, grease, pet accident, and heavy overall soil are different problems. Follow the rug care label before choosing any liquid or cleaner.
Large, oily, colored, or old stains are better evaluated by a cleaner experienced with leather and sheepskin.
Spot clean with minimal moisture
Blot the affected wool with a clean, light-colored cloth and cool water. If the label permits a sheepskin-safe cleaner, test it first and follow its dilution and removal directions.
Do not scrub the hide, use bleach, or saturate a small circle. Work from the outside of the mark toward the center to limit spreading.
Remove residue and air dry flat
Blot away cleaning residue with a clean damp cloth, then press with a dry towel. Shape the rug and lay it flat or support it evenly in a shaded, airy area.
Keep it away from tumble dryers, radiators, heated floors, fireplaces, and direct sunlight. Heat can leave the hide stiff.
Refresh only after the rug is dry
When the hide and wool are completely dry, shake the rug and brush the wool gently in small sections.
If the hide feels hard, the rug has changed shape, or odor remains after drying, stop home treatment and consult a specialist.